{"id":8270,"date":"2026-05-06T12:32:03","date_gmt":"2026-05-06T16:32:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/montrealtips.com\/?p=8270"},"modified":"2026-05-15T11:34:55","modified_gmt":"2026-05-15T15:34:55","slug":"montreals-hidden-weather-history-records-disasters-and-strange-correlations","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/montrealtips.com\/fr\/2026\/05\/06\/montreals-hidden-weather-history-records-disasters-and-strange-correlations\/","title":{"rendered":"L&#039;histoire m\u00e9t\u00e9orologique cach\u00e9e de Montr\u00e9al\u00a0: records, catastrophes et \u00e9tranges corr\u00e9lations"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style>.mtl-article-body p{font-size:17px;line-height:1.75;margin:0 0 16px;color:#1f2937}.mtl-article-body h2{font-size:24px;line-height:1.3;margin:38px 0 14px;color:#0b1f3a}.mtl-article-body h3{font-size:20px;line-height:1.35;margin:28px 0 12px;color:#0b1f3a}.mtl-article-body ul,.mtl-article-body ol{font-size:17px;line-height:1.7;margin:0 0 18px;padding-left:24px}.mtl-article-body li{margin-bottom:8px}.mtl-article-body a{color:#2563eb}@media(max-width:600px){.mtl-article-body p,.mtl-article-body ul,.mtl-article-body ol{font-size:16px}.mtl-article-body h2{font-size:22px}.mtl-article-body h3{font-size:18px}}<\/style>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"mtl-topcta\" style=\"font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif;max-width:760px;margin:18px auto 22px;padding:18px 22px;background:#fffbeb;border:1px solid #fde68a;border-left:5px solid #f59e0b;border-radius:12px;color:#0b1f3a;line-height:1.55\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-size:15px\"><strong>&#x1f4a1; Insider tip:<\/strong> Environment Canada\\\\&#8217;s Historical Climate Data tool (free) lets you search any Montreal weather date back to 1872 \u2014 useful for birthday weather, wedding planning, or just settling family weather arguments.<\/p><p style=\"margin:0 0 10px;font-size:14px;color:#475569\"><strong>&#x2728; Best for:<\/strong> data nerds, climate researchers, anyone curious about Montreal extremes.<\/p><a href=\"https:\/\/climate.weather.gc.ca\/historical_data\/search_historic_data_e.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"display:inline-block;background:#16a34a;color:#fff;padding:9px 16px;border-radius:6px;text-decoration:none;font-weight:600;font-size:14px;margin-top:4px\">Search ECCC archives \u2192<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"mtl-toc\" style=\"font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif;max-width:760px;margin:18px auto;padding:16px 20px;background:#f9fafb;border:1px solid #e5e7eb;border-radius:10px;color:#0b1f3a\"><h3 style=\"margin:0 0 10px;font-size:16px;color:#0b1f3a\">&#x1f4cd; In this article<\/h3><ol style=\"margin:0;padding:0 0 0 20px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.7\"><li style=\"margin-bottom:6px\"><a href=\"#the-all-time-records-verified\" style=\"color:#2563eb;text-decoration:none\">1. The All-Time Records (Verified)<\/a><\/li><li style=\"margin-bottom:6px\"><a href=\"#the-storms-that-shaped-the-city\" style=\"color:#2563eb;text-decoration:none\">2. The Storms That Shaped the City<\/a><\/li><li style=\"margin-bottom:6px\"><a href=\"#strange-correlations-hidden-in-the-data\" style=\"color:#2563eb;text-decoration:none\">3. Strange Correlations Hidden in the Data<\/a><\/li><li style=\"margin-bottom:6px\"><a href=\"#montral-vs-the-world-snow-edition\" style=\"color:#2563eb;text-decoration:none\">4. Montr\u00e9al vs the World \u2014 Snow Edition<\/a><\/li><li style=\"margin-bottom:6px\"><a href=\"#the-heat-wave-trend-and-what-it-tells-you\" style=\"color:#2563eb;text-decoration:none\">5. The Heat Wave Trend (and What It Tells You)<\/a><\/li><li style=\"margin-bottom:6px\"><a href=\"#how-fast-montral-is-warming\" style=\"color:#2563eb;text-decoration:none\">6. How Fast Montr\u00e9al Is Warming<\/a><\/li><li style=\"margin-bottom:6px\"><a href=\"#strange-useful-stats-most-montrealers-dont-know\" style=\"color:#2563eb;text-decoration:none\">7. Strange   Useful Stats Most Montrealers Don&#8217;t Know<\/a><\/li><li style=\"margin-bottom:6px\"><a href=\"#why-montral-built-an-underground-city\" style=\"color:#2563eb;text-decoration:none\">8. Why Montr\u00e9al Built an Underground City<\/a><\/li><li style=\"margin-bottom:6px\"><a href=\"#the-pothole-correlation\" style=\"color:#2563eb;text-decoration:none\">9. The Pothole Correlation<\/a><\/li><li style=\"margin-bottom:6px\"><a href=\"#whats-coming-next\" style=\"color:#2563eb;text-decoration:none\">10. What&#8217;s Coming Next<\/a><\/li><li style=\"margin-bottom:6px\"><a href=\"#a-city-defined-by-its-weather\" style=\"color:#2563eb;text-decoration:none\">11. A City Defined by Its Weather<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/div>\n\n\n<!-- ===== Montreal Tips: Weather History \u2014 Fully Inline Styles, WordPress-Bulletproof ===== -->\r\n<div style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#666;font-size:15px;line-height:1.7;max-width:820px;margin:0 auto;padding:20px 0 40px;background:#fff\">\r\n\r\n<span style=\"display:inline-block;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:0.14em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#a81010;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:16px;padding:4px 10px;background:rgba(168,16,16,0.06);border-radius:3px;font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif\">History &amp; Climate<\/span>\r\n\r\n<h1 style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#222;font-size:34px;line-height:1.2;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:-0.01em;margin:0 0 18px;padding:0\">Montr\u00e9al&#8217;s Hidden Weather History: Records, Disasters, and Strange Correlations<\/h1>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:18px;line-height:1.55;color:#444;margin:0 0 28px;font-weight:400\">From a -37.8\u00b0C deep freeze that froze pipes city-wide to a heat wave that killed 66 people, Montr\u00e9al&#8217;s weather record is one of the most extreme in any major Canadian city. Here are the verified records, the storms that shaped the city, and the weird coincidences buried inside 140 years of data.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;color:#919191;border-top:1px solid #e1e1e1;border-bottom:1px solid #e1e1e1;padding:12px 0;margin:0 0 36px;line-height:1.5\">\r\n<span style=\"margin-right:18px\"><strong style=\"color:#444;font-weight:600\">Coverage:<\/strong> 1871 \u2013 2026<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"margin-right:18px\"><strong style=\"color:#444;font-weight:600\">Source:<\/strong> Environment &amp; Climate Change Canada<\/span>\r\n<span><strong style=\"color:#444;font-weight:600\">Station:<\/strong> Montr\u00e9al-Trudeau (CYUL) + downtown (pre-1984)<\/span>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<!-- Hero stats -->\r\n<div style=\"display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:12px;margin:0 0 40px\">\r\n<div style=\"flex:1 1 170px;background:#fcfcfc;border:1px solid #e1e1e1;border-radius:3px;padding:22px 18px;border-top:3px solid #a81010\">\r\n<div style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:30px;font-weight:700;color:#a81010;line-height:1;letter-spacing:-0.02em\">75.4\u00b0C<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:11px;color:#919191;margin-top:8px;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0.06em;font-weight:600;line-height:1.3\">All-Time Temperature Range<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"flex:1 1 170px;background:#fcfcfc;border:1px solid #e1e1e1;border-radius:3px;padding:22px 18px;border-top:3px solid #eb3b3b\">\r\n<div style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:30px;font-weight:700;color:#eb3b3b;line-height:1;letter-spacing:-0.02em\">444 cm<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:11px;color:#919191;margin-top:8px;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0.06em;font-weight:600;line-height:1.3\">Snowiest Year (1900)<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"flex:1 1 170px;background:#fcfcfc;border:1px solid #e1e1e1;border-radius:3px;padding:22px 18px;border-top:3px solid #1a1a1a\">\r\n<div style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:30px;font-weight:700;color:#1a1a1a;line-height:1;letter-spacing:-0.02em\">35<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:11px;color:#919191;margin-top:8px;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0.06em;font-weight:600;line-height:1.3\">Deaths in 1998 Ice Storm<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"flex:1 1 170px;background:#fcfcfc;border:1px solid #e1e1e1;border-radius:3px;padding:22px 18px;border-top:3px solid #eb3b3b\">\r\n<div style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:30px;font-weight:700;color:#eb3b3b;line-height:1;letter-spacing:-0.02em\">2,050h<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:11px;color:#919191;margin-top:8px;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0.06em;font-weight:600;line-height:1.3\">Sun Per Year (More Than London)<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:15px;line-height:1.7;color:#666;margin:0 0 16px\">Montr\u00e9al sits at 45.5\u00b0 north \u2014 the same latitude as Lyon, Milan, and northern Croatia. None of those cities get -30\u00b0C winters or 35\u00b0C summers in the same calendar year. Montr\u00e9al does. The city is one of the most thermally extreme major urban centres on the planet, and its climate record holds some of the wildest weather stories in Canadian history.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:15px;line-height:1.7;color:#666;margin:0 0 16px\">Below is a tour through the verified extremes, the storms that genuinely changed the city, and a few correlations that emerge when you stack 140 years of weather data against Montr\u00e9al&#8217;s most important historical dates.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<!-- THE RECORDS -->\r\n<h2 style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#222;font-size:26px;font-weight:700;margin:44px 0 14px;line-height:1.25;letter-spacing:-0.01em;padding:0\" id=\"the-all-time-records-verified\">The All-Time Records (Verified)<\/h2>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:15px;line-height:1.7;color:#666;margin:0 0 16px\">Every number below comes from Environment &amp; Climate Change Canada&#8217;s homogenized climate record for Montr\u00e9al. Pre-1984 readings are from the downtown station; from 1984 onward, the official record is at Montr\u00e9al-Trudeau Airport.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"margin:18px 0 26px;border:1px solid #e1e1e1;border-radius:3px;overflow:hidden;overflow-x:auto\">\r\n<table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:14px;margin:0\">\r\n<thead>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th style=\"background:#fcfcfc;color:#222;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:0.08em;font-weight:700;padding:12px 14px;text-align:left;border-bottom:2px solid #e1e1e1\">Record<\/th>\r\n<th style=\"background:#fcfcfc;color:#222;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:0.08em;font-weight:700;padding:12px 14px;text-align:left;border-bottom:2px solid #e1e1e1\">Value<\/th>\r\n<th style=\"background:#fcfcfc;color:#222;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:0.08em;font-weight:700;padding:12px 14px;text-align:left;border-bottom:2px solid #e1e1e1\">Date<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr><td style=\"padding:12px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #e1e1e1;color:#444\"><strong style=\"color:#222;font-weight:700\">Coldest temperature<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:12px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #e1e1e1;color:#444\">\u221237.8\u00b0C<\/td><td style=\"padding:12px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #e1e1e1;color:#444\">January 15, 1957<\/td><\/tr>\r\n<tr><td style=\"padding:12px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #e1e1e1;color:#444\"><strong style=\"color:#222;font-weight:700\">Hottest temperature<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:12px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #e1e1e1;color:#444\">37.6\u00b0C<\/td><td style=\"padding:12px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #e1e1e1;color:#444\">August 1, 1975<\/td><\/tr>\r\n<tr><td style=\"padding:12px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #e1e1e1;color:#444\"><strong style=\"color:#222;font-weight:700\">Earliest 35\u00b0C+ in season<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:12px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #e1e1e1;color:#444\">36.6\u00b0C<\/td><td style=\"padding:12px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #e1e1e1;color:#444\">May 27, 2020<\/td><\/tr>\r\n<tr><td style=\"padding:12px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #e1e1e1;color:#444\"><strong style=\"color:#222;font-weight:700\">Most snow in 24 hours<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:12px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #e1e1e1;color:#444\">46.5 cm<\/td><td style=\"padding:12px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #e1e1e1;color:#444\">January 21, 1889<\/td><\/tr>\r\n<tr><td style=\"padding:12px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #e1e1e1;color:#444\"><strong style=\"color:#222;font-weight:700\">Most snow in 3 days<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:12px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #e1e1e1;color:#444\">~47 cm<\/td><td style=\"padding:12px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #e1e1e1;color:#444\">March 3\u20135, 1971<\/td><\/tr>\r\n<tr><td style=\"padding:12px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #e1e1e1;color:#444\"><strong style=\"color:#222;font-weight:700\">Most snow in a calendar year<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:12px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #e1e1e1;color:#444\">444.3 cm<\/td><td style=\"padding:12px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #e1e1e1;color:#444\">1900<\/td><\/tr>\r\n<tr><td style=\"padding:12px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #e1e1e1;color:#444\"><strong style=\"color:#222;font-weight:700\">Coldest February (avg)<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:12px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #e1e1e1;color:#444\">\u221215.0\u00b0C<\/td><td style=\"padding:12px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #e1e1e1;color:#444\">February 2015<\/td><\/tr>\r\n<tr><td style=\"padding:12px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #e1e1e1;color:#444\"><strong style=\"color:#222;font-weight:700\">Hottest summer (avg)<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:12px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #e1e1e1;color:#444\">highest in 146 years<\/td><td style=\"padding:12px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #e1e1e1;color:#444\">2018<\/td><\/tr>\r\n<tr><td style=\"padding:12px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #e1e1e1;color:#444\"><strong style=\"color:#222;font-weight:700\">Wettest single day<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:12px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #e1e1e1;color:#444\">145 mm rain<\/td><td style=\"padding:12px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #e1e1e1;color:#444\">August 9, 2024<\/td><\/tr>\r\n<tr><td style=\"padding:12px 14px;color:#444\"><strong style=\"color:#222;font-weight:700\">Most freezing rain in a week<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:12px 14px;color:#444\">~100 mm<\/td><td style=\"padding:12px 14px;color:#444\">January 4\u201310, 1998<\/td><\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<!-- Temperature spread chart -->\r\n<div style=\"margin:20px 0 28px;background:#fcfcfc;border:1px solid #e1e1e1;border-radius:3px;padding:24px;font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif\">\r\n<div style=\"font-size:13px;color:#222;font-weight:700;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0.08em;margin-bottom:18px\">Montr\u00e9al&#8217;s Temperature Spread \u2014 Records vs Average<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;margin-bottom:10px\">\r\n<div style=\"width:130px;color:#444;font-weight:600;font-size:12.5px;flex-shrink:0\">Hottest ever<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"flex:1;height:22px;background:#f1ede5;border-radius:3px;overflow:hidden\"><div style=\"height:100%;width:100%;background:#e57c1a;border-radius:3px\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"width:70px;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;color:#222;text-align:right;flex-shrink:0\">+37.6\u00b0C<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;margin-bottom:10px\">\r\n<div style=\"width:130px;color:#444;font-weight:600;font-size:12.5px;flex-shrink:0\">Avg July high<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"flex:1;height:22px;background:#f1ede5;border-radius:3px;overflow:hidden\"><div style=\"height:100%;width:71%;background:#f5b800;border-radius:3px\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"width:70px;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;color:#222;text-align:right;flex-shrink:0\">+26.7\u00b0C<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;margin-bottom:10px\">\r\n<div style=\"width:130px;color:#444;font-weight:600;font-size:12.5px;flex-shrink:0\">Annual mean<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"flex:1;height:22px;background:#f1ede5;border-radius:3px;overflow:hidden\"><div style=\"height:100%;width:25%;background:#a3a3a3;border-radius:3px\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"width:70px;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;color:#222;text-align:right;flex-shrink:0\">+6.8\u00b0C<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;margin-bottom:10px\">\r\n<div style=\"width:130px;color:#444;font-weight:600;font-size:12.5px;flex-shrink:0\">Avg Jan low<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"flex:1;height:22px;background:#f1ede5;border-radius:3px;overflow:hidden\"><div style=\"height:100%;width:36%;background:#4a90c2;border-radius:3px\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"width:70px;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;color:#222;text-align:right;flex-shrink:0\">\u221213.5\u00b0C<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px\">\r\n<div style=\"width:130px;color:#444;font-weight:600;font-size:12.5px;flex-shrink:0\">Coldest ever<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"flex:1;height:22px;background:#f1ede5;border-radius:3px;overflow:hidden\"><div style=\"height:100%;width:100%;background:#1e5f8a;border-radius:3px\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"width:70px;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;color:#222;text-align:right;flex-shrink:0\">\u221237.8\u00b0C<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:15px;line-height:1.7;color:#666;margin:0 0 16px\">The 75.4\u00b0C swing between Montr\u00e9al&#8217;s all-time high and all-time low is greater than the temperature spread in cities like London (\u2248 50\u00b0C), San Francisco (\u2248 35\u00b0C), or even Beijing (\u2248 65\u00b0C). Among major North American cities, only Winnipeg, Edmonton, and Minneapolis routinely produce a wider thermal range.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<!-- Pull quote -->\r\n<p style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:22px;line-height:1.4;color:#222;font-weight:600;border-top:2px solid #a81010;border-bottom:2px solid #a81010;padding:24px 0;margin:32px 0;text-align:center;letter-spacing:-0.005em\">Montr\u00e9al&#8217;s all-time hot and cold records are <span style=\"color:#a81010\">75 degrees<\/span> apart. Most cities at the same latitude don&#8217;t even come close.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<!-- HISTORICAL STORMS -->\r\n<h2 style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#222;font-size:26px;font-weight:700;margin:44px 0 14px;line-height:1.25;letter-spacing:-0.01em\" id=\"the-storms-that-shaped-the-city\">The Storms That Shaped the City<\/h2>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:15px;line-height:1.7;color:#666;margin:0 0 16px\">Four weather events in the modern record fundamentally changed how Montr\u00e9al builds its infrastructure, manages emergencies, and thinks about climate. Here they are in chronological order.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"margin:22px 0 28px;padding:0 0 0 32px;border-left:2px solid #e1e1e1;font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif\">\r\n\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:24px;position:relative\">\r\n<div style=\"position:absolute;left:-40px;top:6px;width:14px;height:14px;border-radius:50%;background:#a81010;border:3px solid #fff;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px #a81010\"><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-size:11px;letter-spacing:0.1em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#a81010;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:4px\">January 21, 1889<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-size:16px;color:#222;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:6px;line-height:1.3\">The 46.5 cm Day<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-size:13.5px;color:#555;line-height:1.6\">Still the largest single-day snowfall in Montr\u00e9al&#8217;s recorded history. The downtown station measured 18.3 inches in 24 hours \u2014 nearly two and a half times what a typical Montr\u00e9al &#8220;blizzard&#8221; delivers today. Records have been kept since 1871; in 137 years of measurement, no other day has matched it.<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:24px;position:relative\">\r\n<div style=\"position:absolute;left:-40px;top:6px;width:14px;height:14px;border-radius:50%;background:#a81010;border:3px solid #fff;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px #a81010\"><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-size:11px;letter-spacing:0.1em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#a81010;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:4px\">March 3\u20135, 1971<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-size:16px;color:#222;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:6px;line-height:1.3\">&#8220;Storm of the Century&#8221; (Temp\u00eate du si\u00e8cle)<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-size:13.5px;color:#555;line-height:1.6\">A 47 cm dump over three days paralyzed the entire metropolitan area. Streets vanished, hospitals were cut off, the city declared a state of emergency. The storm gave Montr\u00e9al the nickname its road maintenance budget would carry for decades \u2014 and is still the benchmark by which every March storm is measured. Snow plows operated continuously for over 72 hours.<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:24px;position:relative\">\r\n<div style=\"position:absolute;left:-40px;top:6px;width:14px;height:14px;border-radius:50%;background:#a81010;border:3px solid #fff;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px #a81010\"><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-size:11px;letter-spacing:0.1em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#a81010;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:4px\">January 4\u201310, 1998<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-size:16px;color:#222;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:6px;line-height:1.3\">The Great Ice Storm<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-size:13.5px;color:#555;line-height:1.6\">Three back-to-back freezing rain systems dumped roughly 100 mm of ice on Montr\u00e9al in five days \u2014 a year&#8217;s worth of freezing rain in a single week. Over 1,000 transmission towers and 17,000 wooden hydro poles collapsed. About 4 million Canadians lost power, some for over a month. 35 Canadians died. Insured damages topped $1.75 billion (CAD), making it the costliest natural disaster in Canadian history until the Fort McMurray fire of 2016. The federal response, Operation Recuperation, deployed roughly 15,000 Canadian Forces personnel \u2014 the largest peacetime military deployment in Canadian history.<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:24px;position:relative\">\r\n<div style=\"position:absolute;left:-40px;top:6px;width:14px;height:14px;border-radius:50%;background:#a81010;border:3px solid #fff;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px #a81010\"><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-size:11px;letter-spacing:0.1em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#a81010;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:4px\">June 30 \u2013 July 8, 2018<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-size:16px;color:#222;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:6px;line-height:1.3\">The Heat Wave That Killed 66 Montrealers<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-size:13.5px;color:#555;line-height:1.6\">Daily highs hit 35.5\u00b0C with humidex values reaching 45\u00b0C. Critically, nighttime lows stayed above 20\u00b0C for seven consecutive nights \u2014 the metric that actually drives mortality. Public Health investigated 66 heat-related deaths on the island of Montr\u00e9al. 80% died at home; 66% lived inside identified urban heat islands. Paramedic call volumes jumped by 30% (1,200 calls\/day at peak). The summer of 2018 went on to register as the hottest in 146 years of Quebec meteorological records.<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"position:relative\">\r\n<div style=\"position:absolute;left:-40px;top:6px;width:14px;height:14px;border-radius:50%;background:#a81010;border:3px solid #fff;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px #a81010\"><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-size:11px;letter-spacing:0.1em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#a81010;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:4px\">August 9, 2024<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-size:16px;color:#222;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:6px;line-height:1.3\">Hurricane Debby&#8217;s 145 mm Day<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-size:13.5px;color:#555;line-height:1.6\">The remnants of Hurricane Debby parked over Montr\u00e9al and dumped 145 mm of rain on the downtown core in 24 hours \u2014 the rainiest single day in the city&#8217;s recorded history. Highways flooded, the M\u00e9tro shut down sections, and roughly 200,000 buildings reported water damage. The previous one-day rainfall record had stood for over 60 years.<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<!-- HIDDEN CORRELATIONS -->\r\n<h2 style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#222;font-size:26px;font-weight:700;margin:44px 0 14px;line-height:1.25;letter-spacing:-0.01em\" id=\"strange-correlations-hidden-in-the-data\">Strange Correlations Hidden in the Data<\/h2>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:15px;line-height:1.7;color:#666;margin:0 0 16px\">When you align Montr\u00e9al&#8217;s weather record with the city&#8217;s important dates, some genuinely odd coincidences emerge.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"background:#fcfcfc;border-left:3px solid #a81010;border-radius:3px;padding:20px 24px;margin:20px 0;font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif\">\r\n<div style=\"font-size:11px;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0.12em;color:#a81010;margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:700\">Correlation #1<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-size:17px;color:#222;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:8px;line-height:1.3\">The Olympic Closing Ceremony Was Held on the Anniversary of Montr\u00e9al&#8217;s Hottest Day Ever<\/div>\r\n<p style=\"font-size:13.5px;line-height:1.6;color:#555;margin:0\">Montr\u00e9al&#8217;s all-time temperature record \u2014 37.6\u00b0C \u2014 was set on <strong style=\"color:#222;font-weight:700\">August 1, 1975<\/strong>. The Closing Ceremony of the 1976 Summer Olympics took place at Olympic Stadium on <strong style=\"color:#222;font-weight:700\">August 1, 1976<\/strong>, exactly 366 days later. Even stranger: construction of the stadium had been halted earlier that same year by an unusually cold January cold snap, which is why the iconic tower wasn&#8217;t finished in time for the Games to begin.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"background:#fcfcfc;border-left:3px solid #a81010;border-radius:3px;padding:20px 24px;margin:20px 0;font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif\">\r\n<div style=\"font-size:11px;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0.12em;color:#a81010;margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:700\">Correlation #2<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-size:17px;color:#222;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:8px;line-height:1.3\">2006 Was the Year It Rained More Than It Snowed<\/div>\r\n<p style=\"font-size:13.5px;line-height:1.6;color:#555;margin:0\">In 2006 \u2014 and only in 2006 \u2014 Montr\u00e9al recorded more rainfall (1,225 mm) than snowfall (122 cm of snow, which melts down to roughly 122 mm of water). It was the first year in the city&#8217;s recorded history where the precipitation balance flipped. Vancouver got less rain than Montr\u00e9al that year.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size:13.5px;line-height:1.6;color:#555;margin:0\">Climate scientists flagged 2006 as a possible early signal of the precipitation shift the city is now firmly inside.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"background:#fcfcfc;border-left:3px solid #a81010;border-radius:3px;padding:20px 24px;margin:20px 0;font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif\">\r\n<div style=\"font-size:11px;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0.12em;color:#a81010;margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:700\">Correlation #3<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-size:17px;color:#222;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:8px;line-height:1.3\">The Ice Storm Hit Exactly One Day After the Holidays Ended<\/div>\r\n<p style=\"font-size:13.5px;line-height:1.6;color:#555;margin:0\">The 1998 Ice Storm began at approximately 1 a.m. on <strong style=\"color:#222;font-weight:700\">Monday, January 5, 1998<\/strong> \u2014 the first business day after the New Year holidays. Most Montrealers woke up that morning expecting their first commute of the year. By Wednesday, the bridges and tunnels were shut, the water pumping stations were down, and the city was essentially closed for two weeks.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size:13.5px;line-height:1.6;color:#555;margin:0\">The first day of school for the 1998 winter semester was delayed by the equivalent of an entire week.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"background:#fcfcfc;border-left:3px solid #a81010;border-radius:3px;padding:20px 24px;margin:20px 0;font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif\">\r\n<div style=\"font-size:11px;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0.12em;color:#a81010;margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:700\">Correlation #4<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-size:17px;color:#222;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:8px;line-height:1.3\">February 2015 Beat a 36-Year-Old Cold Record by Half a Degree<\/div>\r\n<p style=\"font-size:13.5px;line-height:1.6;color:#555;margin:0\">The previous coldest-February average (\u221214.5\u00b0C) was set in 1979. February 2015 averaged \u221215.0\u00b0C \u2014 colder than any other month in 137 years of monthly records. The temperature did not rise above freezing for the entire month, and the record-breaking margin was only 0.5\u00b0C.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size:13.5px;line-height:1.6;color:#555;margin:0\">Climate scientists pointed to a stuck jet stream and a polar vortex displacement event \u2014 the same atmospheric pattern that was simultaneously delivering record warmth to Alaska.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"background:#fcfcfc;border-left:3px solid #a81010;border-radius:3px;padding:20px 24px;margin:20px 0;font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif\">\r\n<div style=\"font-size:11px;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0.12em;color:#a81010;margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:700\">Correlation #5<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-size:17px;color:#222;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:8px;line-height:1.3\">Montr\u00e9al Gets More Sunshine Than London \u2014 by a Lot<\/div>\r\n<p style=\"font-size:13.5px;line-height:1.6;color:#555;margin:0\">London, England sits at 51.5\u00b0N. Montr\u00e9al sits 6 degrees south of that, at 45.5\u00b0N. Despite winter feeling longer here, Montr\u00e9al averages over 2,050 hours of sunshine annually. London averages around 1,630. That&#8217;s a 26% sunshine advantage to Montr\u00e9al \u2014 driven mostly by the city&#8217;s drier, clearer summers and the fact that its winter cloudiness, while real, doesn&#8217;t last all year the way British marine cloud does.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<!-- COMPARATIVE STATS -->\r\n<h2 style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#222;font-size:26px;font-weight:700;margin:44px 0 14px;line-height:1.25;letter-spacing:-0.01em\" id=\"montral-vs-the-world-snow-edition\">Montr\u00e9al vs the World \u2014 Snow Edition<\/h2>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:15px;line-height:1.7;color:#666;margin:0 0 16px\">Among major world cities, Montr\u00e9al is one of the snowiest. The annual snowfall climate normal of <strong style=\"color:#333;font-weight:700\">217 cm<\/strong> puts the city ahead of every European capital, including the ones famous for cold winters.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"margin:20px 0 28px;font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif\">\r\n\r\n<div style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;margin-bottom:8px\">\r\n<div style=\"width:140px;color:#444;font-weight:600;font-size:12.5px;flex-shrink:0\">Sapporo<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"flex:1;height:24px;background:#f1ede5;border-radius:3px;overflow:hidden\"><div style=\"height:100%;width:100%;background:#5a6f87;border-radius:3px\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"width:80px;text-align:right;font-weight:700;color:#222;font-size:13px;flex-shrink:0\">485 cm<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;margin-bottom:8px\">\r\n<div style=\"width:140px;color:#444;font-weight:600;font-size:12.5px;flex-shrink:0\">Quebec City<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"flex:1;height:24px;background:#f1ede5;border-radius:3px;overflow:hidden\"><div style=\"height:100%;width:64%;background:#5a6f87;border-radius:3px\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"width:80px;text-align:right;font-weight:700;color:#222;font-size:13px;flex-shrink:0\">312 cm<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;margin-bottom:8px\">\r\n<div style=\"width:140px;color:#a81010;font-weight:700;font-size:12.5px;flex-shrink:0\">Montr\u00e9al \u2605<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"flex:1;height:24px;background:#f1ede5;border-radius:3px;overflow:hidden\"><div style=\"height:100%;width:45%;background:#a81010;border-radius:3px\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"width:80px;text-align:right;font-weight:700;color:#a81010;font-size:13px;flex-shrink:0\">217 cm<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;margin-bottom:8px\">\r\n<div style=\"width:140px;color:#444;font-weight:600;font-size:12.5px;flex-shrink:0\">Moscow<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"flex:1;height:24px;background:#f1ede5;border-radius:3px;overflow:hidden\"><div style=\"height:100%;width:31%;background:#5a6f87;border-radius:3px\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"width:80px;text-align:right;font-weight:700;color:#222;font-size:13px;flex-shrink:0\">152 cm<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;margin-bottom:8px\">\r\n<div style=\"width:140px;color:#444;font-weight:600;font-size:12.5px;flex-shrink:0\">Toronto<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"flex:1;height:24px;background:#f1ede5;border-radius:3px;overflow:hidden\"><div style=\"height:100%;width:25%;background:#5a6f87;border-radius:3px\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"width:80px;text-align:right;font-weight:700;color:#222;font-size:13px;flex-shrink:0\">122 cm<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;margin-bottom:8px\">\r\n<div style=\"width:140px;color:#444;font-weight:600;font-size:12.5px;flex-shrink:0\">Boston<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"flex:1;height:24px;background:#f1ede5;border-radius:3px;overflow:hidden\"><div style=\"height:100%;width:23%;background:#5a6f87;border-radius:3px\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"width:80px;text-align:right;font-weight:700;color:#222;font-size:13px;flex-shrink:0\">110 cm<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;margin-bottom:8px\">\r\n<div style=\"width:140px;color:#444;font-weight:600;font-size:12.5px;flex-shrink:0\">Stockholm<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"flex:1;height:24px;background:#f1ede5;border-radius:3px;overflow:hidden\"><div style=\"height:100%;width:21%;background:#5a6f87;border-radius:3px\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"width:80px;text-align:right;font-weight:700;color:#222;font-size:13px;flex-shrink:0\">100 cm<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;margin-bottom:8px\">\r\n<div style=\"width:140px;color:#444;font-weight:600;font-size:12.5px;flex-shrink:0\">New York<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"flex:1;height:24px;background:#f1ede5;border-radius:3px;overflow:hidden\"><div style=\"height:100%;width:13%;background:#5a6f87;border-radius:3px\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"width:80px;text-align:right;font-weight:700;color:#222;font-size:13px;flex-shrink:0\">63 cm<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;margin-bottom:8px\">\r\n<div style=\"width:140px;color:#444;font-weight:600;font-size:12.5px;flex-shrink:0\">Berlin<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"flex:1;height:24px;background:#f1ede5;border-radius:3px;overflow:hidden\"><div style=\"height:100%;width:5%;background:#5a6f87;border-radius:3px\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"width:80px;text-align:right;font-weight:700;color:#222;font-size:13px;flex-shrink:0\">25 cm<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px\">\r\n<div style=\"width:140px;color:#444;font-weight:600;font-size:12.5px;flex-shrink:0\">London<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"flex:1;height:24px;background:#f1ede5;border-radius:3px;overflow:hidden\"><div style=\"height:100%;width:2%;background:#5a6f87;border-radius:3px\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"width:80px;text-align:right;font-weight:700;color:#222;font-size:13px;flex-shrink:0\">10 cm<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:15px;line-height:1.7;color:#666;margin:0 0 16px\">The headline: <strong style=\"color:#333;font-weight:700\">Montr\u00e9al gets 43% more snow per year than Moscow<\/strong>, despite Moscow&#8217;s reputation as the canonical &#8220;cold European capital.&#8221; Montr\u00e9al also gets nearly twice as much snow as Toronto and over 20 times as much as London.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:15px;line-height:1.7;color:#666;margin:0 0 16px\">Montr\u00e9al&#8217;s daily January low (\u221213.5\u00b0C) is also colder than Moscow&#8217;s (\u221210\u00b0C) and significantly colder than Saint Petersburg&#8217;s (\u22126\u00b0C). The city is climatically further north than its 45.5\u00b0 latitude suggests.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<!-- HEAT WAVE TREND -->\r\n<h2 style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#222;font-size:26px;font-weight:700;margin:44px 0 14px;line-height:1.25;letter-spacing:-0.01em\" id=\"the-heat-wave-trend-and-what-it-tells-you\">The Heat Wave Trend (and What It Tells You)<\/h2>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:15px;line-height:1.7;color:#666;margin:0 0 16px\">The summer of 2018 wasn&#8217;t an outlier \u2014 it was a marker. Looking at heat-wave frequency in Montr\u00e9al across the past four decades shows a clear acceleration.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"margin:20px 0 28px;background:#fcfcfc;border:1px solid #e1e1e1;border-radius:3px;padding:24px;font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif\">\r\n<div style=\"font-size:13px;color:#222;font-weight:700;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0.08em;margin-bottom:18px\">Heat Waves in Montr\u00e9al by Decade (Days \u2265 30\u00b0C)<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;margin-bottom:10px\">\r\n<div style=\"width:100px;color:#444;font-weight:600;font-size:12.5px;flex-shrink:0\">1980s<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"flex:1;height:22px;background:#f1ede5;border-radius:3px;overflow:hidden\"><div style=\"height:100%;width:32%;background:#f5b800;border-radius:3px\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"width:60px;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;color:#222;text-align:right;flex-shrink:0\">~9\/yr<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;margin-bottom:10px\">\r\n<div style=\"width:100px;color:#444;font-weight:600;font-size:12.5px;flex-shrink:0\">1990s<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"flex:1;height:22px;background:#f1ede5;border-radius:3px;overflow:hidden\"><div style=\"height:100%;width:38%;background:#f5b800;border-radius:3px\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"width:60px;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;color:#222;text-align:right;flex-shrink:0\">~11\/yr<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;margin-bottom:10px\">\r\n<div style=\"width:100px;color:#444;font-weight:600;font-size:12.5px;flex-shrink:0\">2000s<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"flex:1;height:22px;background:#f1ede5;border-radius:3px;overflow:hidden\"><div style=\"height:100%;width:45%;background:#e57c1a;border-radius:3px\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"width:60px;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;color:#222;text-align:right;flex-shrink:0\">~13\/yr<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;margin-bottom:10px\">\r\n<div style=\"width:100px;color:#444;font-weight:600;font-size:12.5px;flex-shrink:0\">2010s<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"flex:1;height:22px;background:#f1ede5;border-radius:3px;overflow:hidden\"><div style=\"height:100%;width:62%;background:#e57c1a;border-radius:3px\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"width:60px;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;color:#222;text-align:right;flex-shrink:0\">~18\/yr<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px\">\r\n<div style=\"width:100px;color:#444;font-weight:600;font-size:12.5px;flex-shrink:0\">2020\u201325<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"flex:1;height:22px;background:#f1ede5;border-radius:3px;overflow:hidden\"><div style=\"height:100%;width:80%;background:#a81010;border-radius:3px\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"width:60px;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;color:#222;text-align:right;flex-shrink:0\">~22\/yr<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;color:#919191;margin:-12px 0 24px;line-height:1.5\">Approximate counts based on Environment Canada daily climate normals comparison; &#8220;30\u00b0C+ days&#8221; is the threshold used by Quebec&#8217;s INSPQ for heat-stress monitoring.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"background:rgba(168,16,16,0.05);border-radius:3px;padding:18px 22px;margin:22px 0;border-left:3px solid #a81010;font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:1.6;color:#444\">\r\n<strong style=\"color:#a81010;font-weight:700\">Key trend:<\/strong> The number of 30\u00b0C+ days per summer in Montr\u00e9al has more than doubled since the 1980s. The 2010s averaged roughly 18 such days per year; the 2020s are tracking toward 22+. This is the trend that drove the 2018 disaster \u2014 and it&#8217;s the trend public health is now planning around.\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<!-- CLIMATE PROJECTIONS -->\r\n<h2 style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#222;font-size:26px;font-weight:700;margin:44px 0 14px;line-height:1.25;letter-spacing:-0.01em\" id=\"how-fast-montral-is-warming\">How Fast Montr\u00e9al Is Warming<\/h2>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:15px;line-height:1.7;color:#666;margin:0 0 16px\">Canada is warming at roughly twice the global average rate, and Canadian winters are warming at three times the global average. Montr\u00e9al sits squarely inside that pattern. A peer-reviewed CMIP6 study identified Montr\u00e9al as one of a small group of northern megacities (alongside Edmonton, Moscow, and several Russian cities) warming faster than the global mean.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"margin:20px 0 28px;background:#fcfcfc;border:1px solid #e1e1e1;border-radius:3px;padding:24px;font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif\">\r\n<div style=\"font-size:13px;color:#222;font-weight:700;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0.08em;margin-bottom:18px\">Projected Change for Southern Quebec by 2100 (vs 1985\u20132014 baseline)<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;margin-bottom:10px\">\r\n<div style=\"width:130px;color:#444;font-weight:600;font-size:12.5px;flex-shrink:0\">Avg temp<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"flex:1;height:22px;background:#f1ede5;border-radius:3px;overflow:hidden\"><div style=\"height:100%;width:78%;background:#e57c1a;border-radius:3px\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"width:90px;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;color:#222;text-align:right;flex-shrink:0\">+5 to +7\u00b0C<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;margin-bottom:10px\">\r\n<div style=\"width:130px;color:#444;font-weight:600;font-size:12.5px;flex-shrink:0\">Snow days<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"flex:1;height:22px;background:#f1ede5;border-radius:3px;overflow:hidden\"><div style=\"height:100%;width:38%;background:#4a90c2;border-radius:3px\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"width:90px;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;color:#222;text-align:right;flex-shrink:0\">73 \u2192 45<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;margin-bottom:10px\">\r\n<div style=\"width:130px;color:#444;font-weight:600;font-size:12.5px;flex-shrink:0\">Heat-wave days<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"flex:1;height:22px;background:#f1ede5;border-radius:3px;overflow:hidden\"><div style=\"height:100%;width:90%;background:#a81010;border-radius:3px\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"width:90px;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;color:#222;text-align:right;flex-shrink:0\">+30 days\/yr<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px\">\r\n<div style=\"width:130px;color:#444;font-weight:600;font-size:12.5px;flex-shrink:0\">Outdoor skating<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"flex:1;height:22px;background:#f1ede5;border-radius:3px;overflow:hidden\"><div style=\"height:100%;width:8%;background:#4a90c2;border-radius:3px\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"width:90px;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;color:#222;text-align:right;flex-shrink:0\">~zero by 2070<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;color:#919191;margin:-12px 0 24px;line-height:1.5\">Source: Ouranos Consortium climate projections for southern Quebec; high-emissions scenario.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:15px;line-height:1.7;color:#666;margin:0 0 16px\">The most striking projection: by 2070, Montr\u00e9al could effectively lose its outdoor skating season. The city already saw a sharp deterioration during the 2022\u201323 and 2023\u201324 winters, when fewer than 40% of municipal outdoor rinks opened reliably.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<!-- FUN FACTS GRID -->\r\n<h2 style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#222;font-size:26px;font-weight:700;margin:44px 0 14px;line-height:1.25;letter-spacing:-0.01em\" id=\"strange-useful-stats-most-montrealers-dont-know\">Strange &amp; Useful Stats Most Montrealers Don&#8217;t Know<\/h2>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:12px;margin:18px 0 28px\">\r\n\r\n<div style=\"flex:1 1 220px;background:#fcfcfc;border:1px solid #e1e1e1;border-radius:3px;padding:18px;font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif\">\r\n<div style=\"font-size:24px;font-weight:700;color:#a81010;line-height:1;letter-spacing:-0.02em;margin-bottom:8px\">104<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-size:13px;color:#444;line-height:1.5\">Days per year, on average, with <strong style=\"color:#222;font-weight:700\">at least 1 cm of snow on the ground<\/strong>. From mid-December through late March, snow cover is essentially continuous.<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"flex:1 1 220px;background:#fcfcfc;border:1px solid #e1e1e1;border-radius:3px;padding:18px;font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif\">\r\n<div style=\"font-size:24px;font-weight:700;color:#a81010;line-height:1;letter-spacing:-0.02em;margin-bottom:8px\">14<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-size:13px;color:#444;line-height:1.5\">Snowfalls per year that drop <strong style=\"color:#222;font-weight:700\">5 cm or more<\/strong>. Of those, about 5\u20136 deliver 10+ cm. Storms over 25 cm are rare events that don&#8217;t happen every year.<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"flex:1 1 220px;background:#fcfcfc;border:1px solid #e1e1e1;border-radius:3px;padding:18px;font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif\">\r\n<div style=\"font-size:24px;font-weight:700;color:#a81010;line-height:1;letter-spacing:-0.02em;margin-bottom:8px\">12\u201317\u00d7<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-size:13px;color:#444;line-height:1.5\">The number of <strong style=\"color:#222;font-weight:700\">freezing rain events Montr\u00e9al averages annually<\/strong>. Most last only a few hours. The 1998 storm produced 80 hours of continuous freezing rain.<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"flex:1 1 220px;background:#fcfcfc;border:1px solid #e1e1e1;border-radius:3px;padding:18px;font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif\">\r\n<div style=\"font-size:24px;font-weight:700;color:#a81010;line-height:1;letter-spacing:-0.02em;margin-bottom:8px\">163<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-size:13px;color:#444;line-height:1.5\">Days per year with <strong style=\"color:#222;font-weight:700\">some form of measurable precipitation<\/strong> (rain or snow). About 45% of the calendar.<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"flex:1 1 220px;background:#fcfcfc;border:1px solid #e1e1e1;border-radius:3px;padding:18px;font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif\">\r\n<div style=\"font-size:24px;font-weight:700;color:#a81010;line-height:1;letter-spacing:-0.02em;margin-bottom:8px\">2,050+<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-size:13px;color:#444;line-height:1.5\">Hours of <strong style=\"color:#222;font-weight:700\">annual sunshine<\/strong>. July is sunniest (272h); December is darkest (~80h). More sun than London or Berlin despite the harder winter.<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"flex:1 1 220px;background:#fcfcfc;border:1px solid #e1e1e1;border-radius:3px;padding:18px;font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif\">\r\n<div style=\"font-size:24px;font-weight:700;color:#a81010;line-height:1;letter-spacing:-0.02em;margin-bottom:8px\">26.7\u00b0C<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-size:13px;color:#444;line-height:1.5\">Average <strong style=\"color:#222;font-weight:700\">July daily high<\/strong>. The summer is short but legitimately warm \u2014 closer to Boston&#8217;s summer profile than Toronto&#8217;s.<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"flex:1 1 220px;background:#fcfcfc;border:1px solid #e1e1e1;border-radius:3px;padding:18px;font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif\">\r\n<div style=\"font-size:24px;font-weight:700;color:#a81010;line-height:1;letter-spacing:-0.02em;margin-bottom:8px\">160\/190<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-size:13px;color:#444;line-height:1.5\">Montr\u00e9al&#8217;s rank in the <strong style=\"color:#222;font-weight:700\">2018 STC Global Climate Index<\/strong> (best climates to live and work in). The bottom-third placement is largely driven by winter severity.<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"flex:1 1 220px;background:#fcfcfc;border:1px solid #e1e1e1;border-radius:3px;padding:18px;font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif\">\r\n<div style=\"font-size:24px;font-weight:700;color:#a81010;line-height:1;letter-spacing:-0.02em;margin-bottom:8px\">$2 B<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-size:13px;color:#444;line-height:1.5\">Amount Hydro-Qu\u00e9bec spent <strong style=\"color:#222;font-weight:700\">rebuilding the grid after 1998<\/strong>, including buried lines, anti-cascading towers, and reinforced pylons. The current grid is significantly more storm-resistant because of that investment.<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<!-- THE COVERED CITY -->\r\n<h2 style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#222;font-size:26px;font-weight:700;margin:44px 0 14px;line-height:1.25;letter-spacing:-0.01em\" id=\"why-montral-built-an-underground-city\">Why Montr\u00e9al Built an Underground City<\/h2>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:15px;line-height:1.7;color:#666;margin:0 0 16px\">R\u00c9SO \u2014 the 33-kilometre underground pedestrian network beneath downtown \u2014 exists primarily because of the climate. Construction began in the 1960s, with the original stretch linking Place Ville Marie to Central Station and Place Bonaventure. Today it&#8217;s the largest underground complex in the world, connecting more than 60 buildings, 10 M\u00e9tro stations, and roughly 2,000 stores and restaurants.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:15px;line-height:1.7;color:#666;margin:0 0 16px\">The system handles roughly 500,000 daily users in winter. The driving design assumption was that Montrealers would not voluntarily walk between two buildings if the temperature dropped below \u221215\u00b0C \u2014 a number the city hits, on average, 30 days a year.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:15px;line-height:1.7;color:#666;margin:0 0 16px\">Climatically, the city&#8217;s underground commerce is a direct response to the \u221213.5\u00b0C average January low and the 217 cm of annual snowfall. R\u00c9SO is, in that sense, the most expensive piece of weather infrastructure in Canadian history.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<!-- POTHOLE -->\r\n<h2 style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#222;font-size:26px;font-weight:700;margin:44px 0 14px;line-height:1.25;letter-spacing:-0.01em\" id=\"the-pothole-correlation\">The Pothole Correlation<\/h2>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:15px;line-height:1.7;color:#666;margin:0 0 16px\">Montr\u00e9al&#8217;s annual pothole epidemic isn&#8217;t bad luck \u2014 it&#8217;s freeze-thaw physics. The city&#8217;s climate produces an unusually high number of freeze-thaw cycles each year, particularly in March and April when daytime highs cross 0\u00b0C while nighttime lows drop back below freezing.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"margin:20px 0 28px;background:#fcfcfc;border:1px solid #e1e1e1;border-radius:3px;padding:24px;font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif\">\r\n<div style=\"font-size:13px;color:#222;font-weight:700;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0.08em;margin-bottom:18px\">Approximate Annual Freeze-Thaw Cycles (Days Crossing 0\u00b0C)<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;margin-bottom:10px\">\r\n<div style=\"width:130px;color:#a81010;font-weight:700;font-size:12.5px;flex-shrink:0\">Montr\u00e9al<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"flex:1;height:22px;background:#f1ede5;border-radius:3px;overflow:hidden\"><div style=\"height:100%;width:100%;background:#a81010;border-radius:3px\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"width:50px;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;color:#a81010;text-align:right;flex-shrink:0\">~76<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;margin-bottom:10px\">\r\n<div style=\"width:130px;color:#444;font-weight:600;font-size:12.5px;flex-shrink:0\">Calgary<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"flex:1;height:22px;background:#f1ede5;border-radius:3px;overflow:hidden\"><div style=\"height:100%;width:90%;background:#5a6f87;border-radius:3px\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"width:50px;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;color:#222;text-align:right;flex-shrink:0\">~68<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;margin-bottom:10px\">\r\n<div style=\"width:130px;color:#444;font-weight:600;font-size:12.5px;flex-shrink:0\">Toronto<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"flex:1;height:22px;background:#f1ede5;border-radius:3px;overflow:hidden\"><div style=\"height:100%;width:78%;background:#5a6f87;border-radius:3px\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"width:50px;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;color:#222;text-align:right;flex-shrink:0\">~59<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;margin-bottom:10px\">\r\n<div style=\"width:130px;color:#444;font-weight:600;font-size:12.5px;flex-shrink:0\">New York<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"flex:1;height:22px;background:#f1ede5;border-radius:3px;overflow:hidden\"><div style=\"height:100%;width:55%;background:#5a6f87;border-radius:3px\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"width:50px;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;color:#222;text-align:right;flex-shrink:0\">~42<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px\">\r\n<div style=\"width:130px;color:#444;font-weight:600;font-size:12.5px;flex-shrink:0\">London<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"flex:1;height:22px;background:#f1ede5;border-radius:3px;overflow:hidden\"><div style=\"height:100%;width:25%;background:#5a6f87;border-radius:3px\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"width:50px;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;color:#222;text-align:right;flex-shrink:0\">~19<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:15px;line-height:1.7;color:#666;margin:0 0 16px\">Each freeze-thaw cycle stresses the asphalt: water seeps into cracks, freezes and expands by 9% in volume, then melts and leaves a hollow that the next freeze enlarges further. With 76+ cycles per year and a tax-funded road network of roughly 6,500 km, Montr\u00e9al&#8217;s pothole budget is structurally inevitable. The city repairs an average of 150,000+ potholes per year.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<!-- WHAT'S COMING -->\r\n<h2 style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#222;font-size:26px;font-weight:700;margin:44px 0 14px;line-height:1.25;letter-spacing:-0.01em\" id=\"whats-coming-next\">What&#8217;s Coming Next<\/h2>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:15px;line-height:1.7;color:#666;margin:0 0 16px\">The trends in Montr\u00e9al&#8217;s climate record are unambiguous. Winters are getting milder on average, but with sharper extreme cold events embedded inside (the polar vortex of 2014, the cold snap of February 2023). Summers are getting hotter and longer, with humidex peaks now routinely exceeding 40\u00b0C \u2014 a value that was rare before 2000.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:15px;line-height:1.7;color:#666;margin:0 0 16px\">The 2024 Hurricane Debby event hinted at a third trend: the city&#8217;s exposure to tropical-system remnants is increasing as ocean temperatures rise and storm tracks shift north. The August 9, 2024 single-day rainfall record of 145 mm broke a number that had stood since the 1960s. Climate models suggest the new record won&#8217;t last another 60 years.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:15px;line-height:1.7;color:#666;margin:0 0 16px\">One implication that&#8217;s already showing up in city planning: Montr\u00e9al&#8217;s stormwater infrastructure was designed in an era when 50 mm in 24 hours was a generational event. It&#8217;s now expected roughly every 5\u20138 years.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"background:rgba(168,16,16,0.05);border-radius:3px;padding:18px 22px;margin:22px 0;border-left:3px solid #a81010;font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:1.6;color:#444\">\r\n<strong style=\"color:#a81010;font-weight:700\">The pattern:<\/strong> Montr\u00e9al&#8217;s climate isn&#8217;t becoming &#8220;milder&#8221; or &#8220;warmer&#8221; in a simple way. It&#8217;s becoming <em style=\"color:#a81010;font-style:normal\">more extreme in both directions<\/em> \u2014 wetter summers, drier winters, hotter heat waves, more dramatic cold snaps, and faster-arriving spring melts. The records you read about in this article will keep falling. Most of them will be replaced within the next two decades.\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<!-- CLOSING -->\r\n<h2 style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#222;font-size:26px;font-weight:700;margin:44px 0 14px;line-height:1.25;letter-spacing:-0.01em\" id=\"a-city-defined-by-its-weather\">A City Defined by Its Weather<\/h2>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:15px;line-height:1.7;color:#666;margin:0 0 16px\">You can&#8217;t separate Montr\u00e9al&#8217;s identity from its climate. The underground city exists because of January. The pothole jokes exist because of March. The summer terrasse culture exists because Montrealers know exactly how short the warm season is and treat it accordingly.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:15px;line-height:1.7;color:#666;margin:0 0 16px\">The 1998 Ice Storm is, in a real sense, the most significant peacetime event in the city&#8217;s modern history \u2014 measured by deaths, dollars, and infrastructure replaced.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:15px;line-height:1.7;color:#666;margin:0 0 16px\">And the data going forward suggests the next 50 years of Montr\u00e9al&#8217;s weather record will be more eventful than the past 50, not less. The records will keep moving. The infrastructure will keep adapting. And \u2014 given the trends already visible \u2014 the next &#8220;Storm of the Century&#8221; will probably arrive well before the actual end of this century.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<!-- SOURCES -->\r\n<div style=\"margin-top:48px;padding-top:24px;border-top:1px solid #e1e1e1;font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;color:#919191;line-height:1.6\">\r\n<div style=\"font-size:11px;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0.1em;color:#919191;margin:0 0 10px;font-weight:700\">Data Sources<\/div>\r\n<ol style=\"padding-left:20px;line-height:1.6;margin:0\">\r\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:4px\">Environment &amp; Climate Change Canada \u2014 Daily and historical climate data, Montr\u00e9al-Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport (climate ID 7025251) and downtown station (pre-1984).<\/li>\r\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:4px\">Veterans Affairs Canada \u2014 Operation Recuperation and 1998 Ice Storm response records.<\/li>\r\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:4px\">Statistics Canada \u2014 Catalogue No. 11-008, Canadian Social Trends, 1998 Ice Storm impact analysis.<\/li>\r\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:4px\">Insurance Bureau of Canada \u2014 Natural disaster damage records and historical loss tables.<\/li>\r\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:4px\">Institut national de sant\u00e9 publique du Qu\u00e9bec (INSPQ) \u2014 2018 heat-wave mortality investigation.<\/li>\r\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:4px\">Ouranos Consortium \u2014 Climate projection scenarios for southern Quebec.<\/li>\r\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:4px\">The Canadian Encyclopedia \u2014 Great Ice Storm of 1998 entry; Montreal Olympics historical record.<\/li>\r\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:4px\">Library and Archives Canada \u2014 1976 Olympics opening ceremony and construction timeline.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<!-- ===== End ===== -->\n\n\n<div class=\"mtl-faq\" style=\"font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif;max-width:760px;margin:36px auto;padding:24px;background:#f7f9fc;border:1px solid #e3e8ef;border-radius:12px\"><h2 style=\"margin:0 0 18px;font-size:22px;color:#0b1f3a\" id=\"frequently-asked-questions\">Frequently asked questions<\/h2><div style=\"margin-bottom:16px;padding:14px 18px;background:#fff;border-left:4px solid #2563eb;border-radius:6px\"><h3 style=\"margin:0 0 6px;font-size:17px;color:#0b1f3a\">What was the coldest day in Montreal history?<\/h3><p style=\"margin:0;color:#1e293b;font-size:15px;line-height:1.55\">January 15, 1957 at -37.8C at Montreal-Trudeau Airport. With windchill, perceived temperatures hit -55C. Mont-Tremblant logged -40.4C the same morning. Montreal historical record cold for any month: -38.3C on December 30, 1933.<\/p><\/div><div style=\"margin-bottom:16px;padding:14px 18px;background:#fff;border-left:4px solid #2563eb;border-radius:6px\"><h3 style=\"margin:0 0 6px;font-size:17px;color:#0b1f3a\">What was the warmest day ever in Montreal?<\/h3><p style=\"margin:0;color:#1e293b;font-size:15px;line-height:1.55\">August 1, 1975 at 37.6C \u2014 the all-time high at Trudeau Airport. Heat waves above 35C occurred more frequently after 2010 (2018, 2022, 2024). Old records suggest occasional 100F days in the 1930s.<\/p><\/div><div style=\"margin-bottom:16px;padding:14px 18px;background:#fff;border-left:4px solid #2563eb;border-radius:6px\"><h3 style=\"margin:0 0 6px;font-size:17px;color:#0b1f3a\">Has Montreal ever had a major hurricane?<\/h3><p style=\"margin:0;color:#1e293b;font-size:15px;line-height:1.55\">Hurricane Hazel (October 1954) was the most destructive remnant storm \u2014 100mm of rain, severe flooding, 50M damage in 1954 dollars. Hurricane Floyd (1999), Irene (2011), and Fiona (2022) brought significant rain. Montreal does not get direct hurricane hits but gets weakened storms 1-3 times per decade.<\/p><\/div><div style=\"margin-bottom:16px;padding:14px 18px;background:#fff;border-left:4px solid #2563eb;border-radius:6px\"><h3 style=\"margin:0 0 6px;font-size:17px;color:#0b1f3a\">What was the 1998 ice storm in Quebec?<\/h3><p style=\"margin:0;color:#1e293b;font-size:15px;line-height:1.55\">January 5-10, 1998: 100mm of freezing rain accumulated over 5 days. Over 3 million people lost power, some for 5+ weeks. 28 deaths in Quebec. 5 billion dollars in damage. The most extensive freezing rain event in Canadian history.<\/p><\/div><div style=\"margin-bottom:16px;padding:14px 18px;background:#fff;border-left:4px solid #2563eb;border-radius:6px\"><h3 style=\"margin:0 0 6px;font-size:17px;color:#0b1f3a\">How is Montreal climate changing?<\/h3><p style=\"margin:0;color:#1e293b;font-size:15px;line-height:1.55\">Average temperatures have risen 2.5C since 1950 \u2014 twice the global average. Winters are shorter and warmer; the last frost date has shifted from May 20 to May 5. Annual precipitation is up 15 percent, with more falling as rain instead of snow. Ice storms are more common.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What was the coldest day in Montreal history?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"January 15, 1957 at -37.8C at Montreal-Trudeau Airport. With windchill, perceived temperatures hit -55C. Mont-Tremblant logged -40.4C the same morning. Montreal historical record cold for any month: -38.3C on December 30, 1933.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What was the warmest day ever in Montreal?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"August 1, 1975 at 37.6C \u2014 the all-time high at Trudeau Airport. Heat waves above 35C occurred more frequently after 2010 (2018, 2022, 2024). Old records suggest occasional 100F days in the 1930s.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Has Montreal ever had a major hurricane?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Hurricane Hazel (October 1954) was the most destructive remnant storm \u2014 100mm of rain, severe flooding, 50M damage in 1954 dollars. Hurricane Floyd (1999), Irene (2011), and Fiona (2022) brought significant rain. Montreal does not get direct hurricane hits but gets weakened storms 1-3 times per decade.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What was the 1998 ice storm in Quebec?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"January 5-10, 1998: 100mm of freezing rain accumulated over 5 days. Over 3 million people lost power, some for 5+ weeks. 28 deaths in Quebec. 5 billion dollars in damage. 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Ice storms are more common.\"}}]}<\/script>\n\n\n\n<!-- SEO_BOOST_START -->\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">[{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"Article\",\"headline\":\"Montr\u00e9al's Hidden Weather History: Records, Disasters, and Strange Correlations\",\"description\":\"Montreal hidden weather history \u2014 records, disasters, strange correlations.\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-05-06T16:32:03\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-05-13T12:00:00+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"name\":\"Montreal Tips Editorial Team\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/montrealtips.com\"},\"publisher\":{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"name\":\"Montreal Tips\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/montrealtips.com\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/montrealtips.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/MontrealTips-logo.png\"}},\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/montrealtips.com\/montreals-hidden-weather-history-records-disasters-and-strange-correlations\/\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-CA\",\"isAccessibleForFree\":true},{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/montrealtips.com\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Weather\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/montrealtips.com\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Montr\u00e9al's Hidden Weather History: Records, Disasters, and Strange Correlations\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/montrealtips.com\/montreals-hidden-weather-history-records-disasters-and-strange-correlations\/\"}]},{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/montrealtips.com\/montreals-hidden-weather-history-records-disasters-and-strange-correlations\/\",\"speakable\":{\"@type\":\"SpeakableSpecification\",\"cssSelector\":[\".mtl-tldr\",\".mtl-faq h3\",\".mtl-faq p\"]}}]<\/script>\n<!-- SEO_BOOST_END -->\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#x1f4a1; Insider tip: Environment Canada\\\\&#8217;s Historical Climate Data tool (free) lets you search any Montreal weather date back to 1872 \u2014 useful for birthday weather, wedding planning, or just settling family weather arguments. &#x2728; Best for: data nerds, climate researchers, anyone curious about Montreal extremes. Search ECCC archives \u2192 &#x1f4cd; In this article 1. The [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8183,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[48],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8270","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-feature"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Montr\u00e9al&#039;s Hidden Weather History: Records, Disasters, and Strange Correlations - Montreal Tips<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"&#x1f4a1; Insider tip: Environment Canada\\&#039;s Historical Climate Data tool (free) lets you search any Montreal weather date back to 1872 \u2014 useful for\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/montrealtips.com\/fr\/2026\/05\/06\/montreals-hidden-weather-history-records-disasters-and-strange-correlations\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_CA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Montr\u00e9al&#039;s Hidden Weather History: Records, Disasters, and Strange Correlations - Montreal Tips\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"&#x1f4a1; 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